Biblical Monotheism and Pancasila’s First Principle: A Christian Theological Engagement with Indonesian Religious Pluralism

Hanoch Herkanus Hamadi

doi:10.21703/2735-6345.3162

Autores

Hanoch Herkanus Hamadi Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis Kalvari https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2893-6404

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21703/2735-6345.3162

Palavras-chave:

Monotheism, Divine Unity, Indonesian Pluralism, Christian Theology.

Resumo

This article examines the theological concept of divine unity as reflected in Indonesia’s national philosophy, Pancasila, with a specific focus on its first principle, “Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa” (Belief in the one and only God). The research situates Christian biblical theology within the pluralistic religious landscape of Indonesia, articulating how the understanding of God’s unity informs interfaith dialogue and national cohesion. Employing a methodological approach grounded in exegetical analysis, the article elucidates the etymological, linguistic, and philosophical aspects of the Indonesian term ‘Ketuhanan’ (Divinity) and examines its implications for theological monotheism. Through a close reading of pivotal Old Testament texts, the article demonstrates that the affirmation of one God is deeply rooted in biblical revelation. This interpretative work seeks to corroborate the national ideology with scriptural truth, arguing that Pancasila can be affirmed by Christians not as a secular compromise but as a value resonant with the core tenets of their faith, thereby providing a theologically coherent basis for full participation in national life. The findings underscore the transformative role of biblical monotheism in shaping ethical citizenship and reinforcing the spiritual foundations of national identity. This article contributes novel insights into the integration of Christian theology with a pluralistic national ideology, critically discussing its implications for Christian inclusivity and civic responsibility within Indonesia's dynamic socio-religious landscape.

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Biografia do Autor

Hanoch Herkanus Hamadi, Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis Kalvari

Hanoch Herkanus Hamadi is a lecturer in the Undergraduate Theology Program at Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis Kalvari (STTBK), where they teach courses in Christian education, biblical studies, systematic theology, and Christian ethics. Their research focuses on the intersection of contemporary cultural challenges and traditional theological frameworks, hermeneutics, or interfaith dialogue. Committed to advancing theological education, they actively engage in scholarly and community initiatives that bridge academic theology with practical ministry. Hanoch Herkanus Hamadi holds a Master of Theology (M.Th.) from Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis Kalvari and is currently pursuing doctoral studies on Christian education.

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