Teleological value as a response to the dangers of patriotism
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Patriotism tends to elicit mixed reactions: on the one hand, it is recognized as having a certain appeal in solving the problems of civic motivation that often plague contemporary democratic political systems; on the other hand, it tends to provoke revulsion insofar as it seems to give rise to dangerous biases in those citizens who decide to embrace loyalty to their country. Regarding the latter, one of the arguments that has received the most attention is that of Simon Keller, who proposes that patriotism incites bad faith, a kind of self-deception that predisposes the patriot to disregard evidence that contradicts the positive image they have of their patria or country. The aim of this article is to propose a type of patriotism that complies with the definitional constraints given to the term in the specialized literature, while at the same time managing to escape the objection of bad faith. Strictly speaking, we work on nuances to the notion of patria (epistemic nuances are added to the holistic meaning of the term patria) and to one of the premises that is often considered a necessary condition of patriotism (the idea that the patriot must recognize valuable characteristics of the country understood as its distinctive characteristics). Within this framework, the idea of a patriotism that is not based on the distinctive valuable characteristics of the country is proposed, but rather on the verification of teleologically valuable characteristics, that is, of entities whose structure is inextricably linked to the achievement of certain ends.
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Revista de Filosofía UCSC is an open access journal and does not charge for publication. In addition, it regulates its Copyright and access policy according to the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0), therefore sharing (reproducing and distributing the material in any medium or format) and adaptation (modifying, transforming, and creating from the material) is allowed as long as proper credit is given and the citation is included with the corresponding data. Moreover, it is not allowed to use the material for commercial purposes.
How to Cite
References
Arneson, R. (2020). Against patriotism and national partiality. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 429–450). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_56
Baron, M. (2001). Loyalty. En L. Becker (Ed.), Encyclopedia of ethics (pp. 751–753; reimpreso 2001, pp. 1027–1029). Garland.
Baron, M., y Rogers, T. (2020). Patriotism and impartiality. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 409–427). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_2
Birondo, N. (2020). Patriotism and character. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 255–270). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_57
Cafaro, P. (2020). Patriotism as an environmental virtue. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 939–959). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_63
Cicerón, M. T. (2009). Acerca de los deberes (De Officiis). (R. Bonifaz Nuño, Trad.). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Dagger, R. (2020). Patriotism and republicanism. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 87–104). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_9
Dietz, M. G. (2020). Patriotism: History and politics of a keyword. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 9–28). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_10
Erez, L. (2020). Patriotism, nationalism, and the motivational critique of cosmopolitanism. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 545–559). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_40
Healy, M. (2020). Patriotism and loyalty. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 463–484). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_18
Kateb, G. (2000). Is patriotism a mistake? Social Research: An International Quarterly, 67(4), 901–924.
Keller, S. (2005). Patriotism as bad faith. Ethics, 115(3), 563–592. https://doi.org/10.1086/428458
Keller, S. (2015a). Final words. En J. Kleinig, S. Keller & I. Primoratz (Eds.), The ethics of patriotism: A debate (pp. 163–171). Wiley Blackwell.
Keller, S. (2015b). The case against patriotism. En J. Kleinig, S. Keller & I. Primoratz (Eds.), The ethics of patriotism: A debate (pp. 48–72). Wiley Blackwell.
Keller, S. (2007). The limits of loyalty. Cambridge University.
Kleinig, J. (2014). On loyalty and loyalties: The contours of a problematic virtue. Oxford University.
Kleinig, J. (2015). The virtue in patriotism. En S. Keller & I. Primoratz (Eds.), The ethics of patriotism: A debate (pp. 19–47). Wiley Blackwell.
Kleinig, J. (2022). Loyalty. En E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2022 Edition). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2022/entries/loyalty/
MacIntyre, A. (1995). Is patriotism a virtue? En R. Beiner (Ed.), Theorizing citizenship (pp. 209–228). State University of New York.
MacMullen, I. (2020). Doing without love: Civic motivation, affection, and identification. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 287–304). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_53
Maquiavelo, N. (2018). Discursos sobre la primera década de Tito Livio (A. Martínez Arancón, Trad.). Alianza.
Müller, J.-W. (2006). On the origins of constitutional patriotism. Contemporary Political Theory, 5(3), 278–296. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300235
Nathanson, S. (1993). Patriotism, morality, and peace. Rowman & Littlefield.
Nathanson, S. (2020). Moderate patriotism. En M. Sardoč (Ed.), Handbook of patriotism (pp. 141–161). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54484-7_26
Nussbaum, M. C. (1999). Patriotismo y cosmopolitismo. En J. Cohen (Ed.), Los límites del patriotismo: Identidad, pertenencia y “ciudadanía mundial” (pp. 13–29). Paidós.
Primoratz, I. (2002). Patriotism: A deflationary view. The Philosophical Forum, 33(4), 443–458. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9191.00005
Primoratz, I. (2008). Patriotism and morality: Mapping the terrain. Journal of Moral Philosophy, 5(2), 204–226. https://doi.org/10.1163/174552408X328984
Sartre, J.-P. (1993). El ser y la nada: Ensayo de ontología fenomenológica (J. Valmar, Trad.). Altaya.
Viroli, M. (2019). Por amor a la patria: Un ensayo sobre las diferencias entre patriotismo y nacionalismo (P. Alfaya McShane, Trad.). Deusto.