El pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes de una Escuela Nacional Superior de Arte

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This research aimed to describe the development of critical thinking evidenced in students of a National Superior School of Art in Lima. This is a mixed approach study with greater emphasis on qualitative and case study design. Based on a non-probabilistic sampling for convenience, the field work was carried out with 15 students and 3 third-cycle teachers. As instruments, a semi-structured interview guide aimed at teachers was applied; a student-oriented self-perception survey; and a participant observation guide from which a debate was fostered among the students. Among the results, it stands out that the perception of the students does not coincide with the aspects observed or with the opinions provided by the teachers. Therefore, shortcomings were evident in the components related to analysis, evaluation, argumentation and self-regulated decision making. Some of these shortcomings are related to the lack of mastery of search capabilities and understanding of sources, the intolerance of opinions other than their own, the inability to support their positions in a logical and solid manner, as well as the difficulties in planning their own arguments. In addition, it was found that teachers are aware of the need to incorporate dramatic strategies to promote critical thinking; however, this would not be running effectively. Therefore, the need to develop critical thinking in art students from relevant pedagogical strategies is concluded.