Statistical analysis of heavy vehicle operating speed in ascending slopes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-28132015000200001Keywords:
operating speed, heavy vehicle, ascending slopeAbstract
The truck speed profiles in ascending slopes are used to design climbing lanes. The standards consider a vehicle with typical weight-to-power ratio, uniform slopes up to 8% and slope lengths of 12 km. The speed profile is obtained equating the forces opposed to the movement and the forces provided by the truck engine. Experiments conducted in Germany show that the actual speed profiles are different from that of theoretical speed profiles. Therefore, it is relevant to study in the field the truck speed behaviour in ascending slopes. This paper presents an empirical study of truck speed profiles in ascending slopes. The study characterizes and compares measured speed profiles with a theoretical model used in the Chilean geometric design standards. A set of 24 test sections, with slopes between 2% and 13% and lengths between 0.2 and 2.4 km were used. 70 speed profiles using a kinematic GPS device were obtained. Data were corrected using the Kalman filter and smoothed using non-parametric regression to obtain continuous speed profiles. The entrance speed, the maximum and minimum speed and the shape of the speed profiles were statistically analysed as well as the relationship between these parameters and the parameters used in the Chilean standard. It is concluded that the theoretical model overestimates the speed reduction in the first part of the slope, it does not consider the acceleration at the end of the slope and that the trucks not always reduce the speed up to the crawl speed.
References
AASHTO (2011). A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, USA
Archilla, A. and Fernández de Cieza, A. (1996). Truck performance on Argentinean highways. Transportation Research Record 1555, 114-123. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155500115
AUSTROADS (2009). Guide to Road Design Part 3: Geometric Design. Association of Australian and New Zealand Road Transport and Traffic Authorities, Australia
Che-Puan, O. (2004). Driver’s car following headway on single carriageway roads. Journal Kejuruteraan Awam 16(2), 15 - 27. https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v16.15667
DGC (1999). Norma 3.1-IC: Características geométricas: Trazado. Dirección General de Carreteras. Ministerio de Fomento, España
Echaveguren T. y Vargas, S. (2007). Metodología de análisis y diseño de lechos de frenado. Revista de Ingeniería de Construcción 22(3), 175-184. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50732007000300004
Echaveguren, T., Sepúlveda, P. y Vargas-Tejeda, S. (2011). Evaluación de precisión de mediciones de velocidad de operación en carreteras obtenidas con GPS. XV Congreso Chileno de Ingeniería de Transporte, Artículo #91, Santiago, Chile
Echaveguren, T., Tudela, A. and Fonseca, C. (2013). Assessment of smoothing techniques applied to speed profiles measured with GPS RTK. 13th World Conference on Transport Research, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Fitch, J.W. (1994). Motor truck engineering handbook. 4th ed. SAE, USA
Gaziz, D.C., Hermán, R. and Rothery, R.W. (1961). Nonlinear follow-the-leader models of traffic flow. Operations Research 9(4), 545-567. https://www.jstor.org/stable/167126
Gillespie, T.D. (1985). Methods for predicting truck speed loss on grades. Report UMTRI - 85-39/1. University of Michigan Transport Research Institute, USA
INVIAS (2008). Manual de Diseño Geométrico, Instituto Nacional de Vías. Ministerio de Transportes. Colombia
Lan, Ch-J. and Menendez, M. (2003). Truck speed profile models for critical length of grade. Journal of Transportation Engineering 129(4), 408-419. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2003)129:4(408)
Lee, S. and Lee, D. (2000). Validation of the 10 MHP rule in highway design consistency procedure. Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Highway Geometric Design, Germany, 364-376
MOP (2010). Instrucciones y Criterios de Diseño. Manual de Carreteras, Volumen 3. Ministerio de Obras Públicas, Chile
Racelogic (2008). VBOX Mini User Guide. UK
Rakha, H., Lucic, I., Demarchi, S.H., Setti, J.R. and Van Aerde, M. (2001). Vehicle dynamics model for predicting maximum truck acceleration levels. Journal of Transportation Engineering 127(5), 418-425. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2001)127:5(418)
Rakha, H. and Lucic, I. (2002). Variable power vehicle dynamics model for estimating truck accelerations. Journal of Transportation Engineering 128(5), 412-419. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2002)128:5(412)
Rakha, H. and Yu, B. (2004). Truck performance curves reflective of truck and pavement characteristics. Journal of Transportation Engineering 130(6), 753-767. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2004)130:6(753)
Verweij, C.A. (2000). Evaluating truck speeds on vertical alignments. Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Highway Geometric Design, Germany, 486-498
TRB (2000). Highway Capacity Manual, Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C. USA
Wong, J.Y. (2001). Theory of ground vehicles. 3rd ed. Wiley, New York
Wolshon, B. and Hatipkarasulu, Y. (2000). Results of car following analyses using global positioning system. Journal of Transportation Engineering 126(4), 324-331. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2000)126:4(324)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
