Effect of the foundation site stiffness variability on the seismic performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-28132017000200031Keywords:
soil-foundation-structure interaction, seismic performance, foundation site clasification, OpenSeesAbstract
In most of the structural design codes, the foundation sites are classified through the mean stiffness of the soil profile, obtained on the basis of the mean shear wave velocity of the upper 30 m Vs30. Because it is an averaged index, the site classification does not directly take into account the properties of shallower soil layers, neither the fact that sites with different soil stiffness distribution are classified as the same site class. Moreover, the way in how this situation can affect the response of the structures is not clearly specified. In this work, the effect of the site stiffness distribution on the seismic performance and level of damage of structures is explored by means of numerical models. Under a direct approach, two-dimensional numerical models are developed on OpenSees, where the structure has a nonlinear elastoplastic constitutive law. The soil is represented by nonlinear elements sensitive to confinement pressure. The soil-foundation interface is modeled with contact elements allowing the sliding and rocking of the foundation. Different structures (with periods between 0.3 to 1.2 s) are subjected to dynamic analyses using seismic records of different frequency content and amplitudes. The results show significant differences on the structural response among sites of the same class, but with different stiffness distribution, particularly when the structure remains on the elastic range, suggesting that the classification of foundation sites through an average index can underestimate the effects of the dynamic coupling of the soil, the foundation and the structure.
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