Técnicas de corte para la caracterización geomecánica de materiales granulares gruesos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-28132020000200024Palabras clave:
Materiales granulares gruesos, Método de corte, Caracterización geotécnica, Escalamiento de tamaño, Resistencia al corteResumen
El estudio de materiales granulares gruesos ha sido un gran desafío para la ingeniería geotécnica. A pesar del uso intensivo de materiales granulares gruesos MGG alrededor del mundo, por ejemplo en presas de enrocado y lastres de mina, la caracterización geotécnica de estos materiales sigue siendo un tema importante en la ingeniería práctica que requiere más investigación. Existen normas sobre MGG para aplicaciones muy particulares y se han propuesto métodos de escalamiento de tamaño. Sin embargo, los métodos de escalamiento de tamaño son adecuados solo bajo ciertas condiciones. En este artículo se analizan las técnicas de corte, las cuales permiten realizar una caracterización geotécnica de forma simple. Las técnicas de corte se puede dividir en: el método de corte, método de matriz y corte/reemplazo, los cuales son analizados en detalle en términos de su efectividad para la caracterización geomecánica de MGG. Como conclusión principal, estas tres técnicas están limitadas en su uso bajo razones de corte pequeñas (3 < r < 8), que es la razón del tamaño máximo de partícula de la gradación original y la muestra cortada. Finalmente, se proporcionan recomendaciones para el uso de porcentajes y razones de corte.
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